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🎙 播客Training Data· 2026 年 7 月 14 日· 10,751 词 · 约 54 分钟

Anthropic's Katelyn Lesse & Angela Jiang: Building an Ecosystem, not a Walled Garden

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Speaker 100:00 - 00:31
The last layer of abstraction on top of this is probably the coordination layer. So you have knowledge, and you have execution, and you have coordination. And at the coordination layer, we're beginning to think of these things called, like, strategies where, basically, it's almost like a meta harness. The true low level harness is designed for execution. But the next one is about, okay, if tokens aren't really fungible and you need to give them different jobs, like maybe this token is advising versus this token is executing, you wanna start composing these kind of orchestrated strategies that go together, and they should sit on top of all these things because at the end of the day, still need to execute, and the execution still needs to know what to do.
Speaker 100:00 - 00:31
在这之上的最后一层抽象,很可能就是 coordination layer(协调层)。所以你有 knowledge(知识),有 execution(执行),还有 coordination(协调)。而在 coordination layer,我们开始思考一些可以称为 strategies(策略)的东西,本质上它几乎像是一个 meta harness(元级编排框架)。真正底层的 harness 是为 execution 设计的。但再上一层关注的是:如果 token 并不是真正可互换的,你需要给它们分配不同的职责,比如这个 token 负责 advising(提供建议),而那个 token 负责 executing(执行),那你就会想开始组合出这类彼此配合的、经过编排的 strategies,它们应该位于所有这些东西之上,因为归根结底,还是需要执行,而执行本身仍然需要知道该做什么。
Speaker 100:31 - 00:47
So everything in theory should kind of, like, ladder together. And so I think, you know, if you were to look at our road map and the maybe kind of project forward a little bit where you kind of expect us to go, we'll move more and more from the knowledge execution layer, from the execution layer to the kind of coordination layer in terms of the abstractions that you can see us put out.
Speaker 100:31 - 00:47
所以理论上,一切都应该像梯子一样层层衔接起来。所以我想,如果你去看我们的 road map(路线图),并稍微往前推演一下,看看你会预期我们往哪里走,那么你会看到:就我们会发布的这些抽象而言,我们会越来越多地从 knowledge execution layer,进一步从 execution layer,走向某种 coordination layer。
Speaker 201:04 - 01:28
Caitlin and Angela, thank you so much for joining us today. Lauren and I are thrilled to have you here. You are responsible for building Anthropix platform, and so you are responsible for building what I think is one of the most important, if not the most important developer platform in the world. And we are really excited to interview you today to understand more about what's ahead. And so maybe just to get started, can you give us the context of what is Anthropic Platform and where do you sit within Anthropic?
Speaker 201:04 - 01:28
Caitlin 和 Angela,非常感谢你们今天加入我们。Lauren 和我都特别高兴你们能来。你们负责构建 Anthropix platform,因此你们实际上是在打造——在我看来——全球最重要的 developer platform(开发者平台)之一,甚至可能就是最重要的那个。我们今天非常期待采访你们,进一步了解接下来会发生什么。所以也许先从一个基础问题开始:你们能否先给我们一些背景,说明一下 Anthropic Platform 是什么,以及你们在 Anthropic 内部处于怎样的位置?
Speaker 301:28 - 01:50
Yeah, so Platform is both our externally facing APIs, our developer platform that people build on top of when they wanna build applications and systems that access Cloud's intelligence, as well as internally, we run our product infrastructure, and basically, we're the layer that our apps build on top of internally as well. Awesome. What's your north star as a team?
Speaker 301:28 - 01:50
好的,Platform 一方面是我们对外的 APIs(应用程序编程接口),也就是开发者在想构建应用和系统、并接入 Cloud 智能时所依赖的 developer platform;另一方面在内部,我们也运行自己的产品基础设施,基本上,我们也是内部 app 所构建其上的那一层。太棒了。那你们团队的 north star(北极星目标)是什么?
Speaker 101:50 - 01:59
It's a great question. Because we have both internal and external, we actually kind of have like two North Stars, which is probably like, you need be like, what? You surely need one North Star.
Speaker 101:50 - 01:59
这是个很好的问题。因为我们同时面向内部和外部,所以实际上我们有点像是有两个 North Stars,这听起来大概会让人觉得:什么?你们肯定只能有一个 North Star 吧。
Speaker 202:00 - 02:02
Have different planetary system.
Speaker 202:00 - 02:02
是不同的 planetary system(行星系统)。
Speaker 102:02 - 02:27
Yes, exactly. They're separate solar systems, so it's fine. But on the internal side, like we really wanna provide is like literally as much leverage as possible for our internal teams to be able to ship like AGI pilled products. And we want them to be able to move fast, be able to have reliable, like, great platform to be able to build on top of. But I think that key bit about speed is, like, really intentional for us, and we really, really care about that internally.
Speaker 102:02 - 02:27
对,没错。它们是彼此独立的 solar systems(太阳系),所以没问题。不过在内部这一侧,我们真正想提供的,是尽可能多的 leverage(杠杆效应),让内部团队能够交付真正带有 AGI 理念的产品。我们希望他们能快速推进,并且拥有一个可靠、优秀的平台来作为构建基础。但我认为其中关于速度的那一点,对我们来说是非常有意为之的,我们在内部真的、真的非常在意这一点。
Speaker 102:27 - 03:00
Externally, we actually have a lot more complicated set of things, but one of the true norths that we have there is to be able to basically give any builder the tools to be able to work with Claude to build whatever they want to build. And so it's a bit of a broad statement, but as a result, that boils itself down into being wherever that business is. We really care about bringing our platform really, really close to that business. This is why we spend a lot of time with the hyperscalers and integrating really closely directly with them, like AWS, Google, so on and so forth. And it is a lot of primitives that we end up creating.
Speaker 102:27 - 03:00
对外部来说,我们面临的是一组复杂得多的事情,但其中一个真正的 true north(核心北极星目标)是:基本上要让任何 builder(构建者)都能获得相应的工具,从而能够与 Claude 协同,去构建他们想构建的任何东西。所以这句话说得有点宽泛,但它最终会落到一个结果上:业务在哪里,我们就要在哪里。我们非常在意让自己的平台尽可能、尽可能贴近那些业务。这也是为什么我们花了很多时间和 hyperscalers(超大规模云服务商)合作,并与它们进行非常紧密、非常直接的集成,比如 AWS、Google 等等。而我们最终也会因此创建出很多 primitives(基础构件)。
Speaker 103:00 - 03:26
We want people to be able to express what they think their product should be. We want them to be able to almost do like custom software in their own way. You know, like in this new world with AI, what used to be probably economically impossible was that last mile of of custom software now in theory should be like very, very achievable. And we wanna give them all the tools and all the capabilities to go and do that. And so sometimes that comes in the form of primitives and APIs and higher order abstractions.
Speaker 103:00 - 03:26
我们希望人们能够表达出他们认为自己的产品应该是什么样。我们希望他们几乎能以自己的方式做出类似 custom software(定制软件)的东西。你知道,在这个有 AI 的新世界里,过去在经济上大概不可能实现的那最后一公里定制软件,现在从理论上说应该是非常、非常可实现的。我们想把所有工具和所有能力都提供给他们,让他们去做到这一点。所以有时,这会以 primitives、API 以及更高阶 abstractions(抽象)的形式出现。
Speaker 103:26 - 03:54
And sometimes that comes in the form of just like standards. So for example, like skills and MCP, those are things just like Claude needs them to be useful. And we can just give them out to the rest of the ecosystem, work with everyone to help you create those things and get the best out of Cloud. So I would say externally, we really are oriented around just helping you just be able to build. But internally, that orientation, while still existing, is probably more specified towards speed and being able to move really quickly.
Speaker 103:26 - 03:54
有时,这也会以 standards(标准)的形式出现。比如说,skills 和 MCP,这些东西对 Claude 变得有用来说就是必需的。我们也可以把它们提供给整个 ecosystem(生态系统),与所有人合作,帮助你创建这些东西,并从 Cloud 中获得最佳效果。所以我会说,对外而言,我们确实是围绕着一件事来定位自己的:帮助你具备构建能力。但在内部,虽然这种定位仍然存在,它可能会更具体地偏向速度,偏向能够非常快速地推进。
Speaker 403:54 - 04:01
How do you decide what goes into the platform, what gets externalized, and what doesn't to decide what products should be available?
Speaker 403:54 - 04:01
你们是如何决定哪些东西进入 platform(平台)、哪些会 externalize(对外开放),以及哪些不会,从而决定哪些产品应该可用的?
Speaker 104:01 - 04:17
Yeah. I mean, we generally try to have a philosophy that we try to be consistent across the board. It's actually one of the reasons why we do internal and external. There's plenty of other platform businesses and constructs where you actually bifurcate these two things. For us, we kind of try to intentionally keep it equal.
Speaker 104:01 - 04:17
对。我的意思是,我们通常会尽量坚持一种能够在各个方面保持一致的 philosophy(理念)。这实际上也是我们同时做 internal 和 external 的原因之一。还有很多其他的平台型业务和模式,会把这两者明确分开。对我们来说,我们会有意识地尽量让它们保持对等。
Speaker 104:17 - 04:45
And then as a result, we try to hold this philosophy as much as we can around like, for any builder, internal or external, even though if our internal builders might have some slightly different requirements in the same way any user would have slightly different requirements, we wanna have the same primitives that are available to everyone. And one of the maybe the overarching thesis for that is that we've just seen the capabilities of these models just grow and such as exponential. And it's really hard to figure out a long lasting form factor. I think two years ago, we were all like, everything's chat. And now everyone's like, forget chat.
Speaker 104:17 - 04:45
因此,我们会尽可能坚持这样一种 philosophy:对于任何 builder(构建者),无论内部还是外部,尽管我们的内部 builder 可能会有一些略微不同的需求——就像任何用户都会有略微不同的需求一样——我们都希望所有人可用的是同一套 primitives。这里面一个也许更 overarching 的 thesis(核心判断)是,我们看到这些模型的能力一直在增长,而且这种增长近乎指数级。要找出一种能够长期成立的 form factor(产品形态)其实非常难。我想两年前,我们都还在说,一切都是 chat。现在大家都在说,忘掉 chat 吧。
Speaker 104:45 - 05:06
It's just like agents. And there's gonna be another form factor, another form factor. And we kind of imagine that constantly evolving. And so the best way for us to kind of enable that for everyone and also ourselves is to actually build a really robust platform that gives people those tools to figure out what those form factors are. And I don't think we, by any means, feel like we're the only ones capable of figuring out that form factor, not at all.
Speaker 104:45 - 05:06
现在一切都像是在讲 agents。而且之后还会有另一种 form factor、再另一种 form factor。我们设想这会是一个持续演化的过程。所以,对我们来说,能够让所有人——也包括我们自己——适应这一点的最好方式,实际上是构建一个非常强健的平台,给人们那些工具,让他们自己去弄清楚这些 form factors 到底是什么。我也完全不认为,我们会觉得自己是唯一有能力找出这种 form factor 的人,绝对不是。
Speaker 105:06 - 05:15
In fact, the more democratization we can do on that and help people and allow people to experiment, I think more those form factors will actually kind of naturally come out of the market.
Speaker 105:06 - 05:15
事实上,我们越能推动这件事的 democratization(民主化、普及化),越能帮助人们、允许人们去做实验,我就越认为,这些 form factors 其实会自然而然地从市场中浮现出来。
Speaker 305:15 - 06:00
Yeah, and I think within our team, we've had moments where we're experimenting even with just a packaging up of our primitives in a different sort of higher order way, and we've thought about, okay, cool. We've solved this exact type of problem with this product that we've built into the world, and so we can go and dog food it for ourselves, but we'd never wanna fall into this trap of like, we're over indexed on the problem as it needs to be solved for an internal user, because exactly what Angela said, internal users have very specific requirements, external users have very specific requirements, and so if you over index on one or the other, you fall into a trap. So a lot of the time, what we'll do is dog food something internally at the same time that we open up early access of some sort with external customers so that we can kind of get a range of feedback and bring those things back into the platform.
Speaker 305:15 - 06:00
对,而且我觉得在我们团队内部,也有过一些时刻:我们甚至只是在尝试用另一种更高阶的方式来重新 packaging 我们的 primitives,我们会想,好,很棒,我们已经用自己做出来并推向世界的这个产品,解决了某一类非常具体的问题,因此我们也可以自己先 dog food(内部试用)它;但我们绝不想掉进这样一个陷阱:过度围绕内部用户的问题及其解决方式来优化,因为正如 Angela 所说,内部用户有非常具体的需求,外部用户也有非常具体的需求,所以如果你过度偏向其中任何一边,就会掉进陷阱。因此很多时候,我们会在内部 dog food 某个东西的同时,也向外部客户开放某种 early access(抢先体验),这样我们就能获得一系列不同的反馈,再把这些东西带回平台中。
Speaker 206:00 - 06:14
I'd love to talk about the higher levels of abstraction that you discussed. So I guess at the base level, this is just raw access to Clive, Opus, whatever tokens. How do you think about the layer cake of abstractions above that?
Speaker 206:00 - 06:14
我很想聊聊你刚才提到的那些更高层级的 abstraction(抽象)。我想最底层基本上就是对 Clive、Opus 之类 token 的原始访问。你是怎么理解其上那一层层 abstraction 的“层级蛋糕”的?
Speaker 306:14 - 06:59
Yeah, if you look back, so when I joined Anthropic around a year ago, the platform was basically just messages API. It was a messages API. We had come out with standards like MCP. We obviously have developer tooling around our SDKs and our docs and our console and things like this, but for the most part, it was a stateless API. And what's interesting, to Angela's point on form factors evolving over time, is we found a lot of our customers solving the same problems over and over again that we also were solving over and over again around, as the models got better at running for longer and working with more contacts at a given time, you wanna build agents that can succeed in a kind of long running context and even a remote context that doesn't necessarily have a human in the loop.
Speaker 306:14 - 06:59
对,如果往回看,大概一年前我加入 Anthropic 时,这个平台基本上就只是 messages API。就是一个 messages API。我们推出过像 MCP 这样的标准,当然也围绕我们的 SDK、docs、console 之类提供了 developer tooling(开发者工具),但在很大程度上,它当时还是一个 stateless API(无状态 API)。有意思的是,呼应 Angela 关于 form factor 会随时间演化的观点,我们发现很多客户在反复解决同样的问题,而这些也正是我们自己在反复解决的问题:随着 model 越来越擅长长时间运行,并且能在同一时间处理更多 context(上下文),你会想构建能够在一种长时间运行的环境中成功工作的 agent,甚至是在 remote context(远程环境)中运行、且不一定有人类 in the loop(参与闭环)的 agent。
Speaker 306:59 - 07:44
And so we found that we could piece together our primitives and stand up all the same infrastructure that we're finding ourselves standing up internally to power our own products and arrive at some higher order abstractions that let you do more agentic work out of the box. And the problems that we're solving for you are infrastructure being kind of a hard thing to deal with. Like, how do you figure out spawning sandboxes that are gonna have the right governance and security and spin them up and spin them down when you need to, or the storage around transcript sessions so that you can resume a session if you stop it and pick it back up later? So that infrastructure is a big thing that we wanted to be able to provide more of out of the box, and we do more of that today. And then the second thing just being harnesses and harness engineering.
Speaker 306:59 - 07:44
所以我们发现,可以把自己的 primitives(基础构件)拼接起来,搭建起那些我们内部也在反复搭建、用于支撑自家产品的基础设施,并进一步形成一些更高阶的 abstraction,让你开箱即用地完成更多 agentic work(agent 式工作)。我们替你解决的问题之一是,infrastructure(基础设施)本身往往很难处理。比如,怎么生成 sandbox(沙箱),让它具备合适的 governance(治理)和 security(安全性),并且在需要时启动、在不需要时关闭?又比如,怎么处理 transcript sessions 的存储,以便你中断一个 session 后,之后还能恢复并接着运行?所以,基础设施是我们希望能更多开箱即用提供的一个重点,而今天我们确实也提供了更多这类能力。第二件事则是 harnesses(运行封装)和 harness engineering。
Speaker 307:44 - 08:19
There's a lot of thought and energy going into how do I do my prompt caching and how do I manage my context window, as well as how do I actually just get more intelligence out of the model and how do I manage my costs and things like that. So we've kind of packaged up our primitives a bit more in tune with the problems that we found ourselves solving to provide more of these things out of the box for people so that they can, if they're building systems for themselves internally, if they're building products, they can just be more focused on the problems that they want to be solving, and if they want to offload some aspects of those problems to us, they can, and that's kind of the ethos.
Speaker 307:44 - 08:19
大家会投入很多思考和精力在这些问题上:我该如何做 prompt caching(提示缓存)?如何管理我的 context window(上下文窗口)?以及我到底该怎样从 model 中榨出更多 intelligence(智能),又该如何控制成本,等等。所以我们某种程度上把自己的 primitives 进一步打包,使之更贴合我们自己反复在解决的这些问题,从而为用户开箱即用地提供更多这类能力。这样一来,无论他们是在内部为自己构建系统,还是在开发产品,都可以更专注于他们真正想解决的问题;如果他们想把其中一部分问题外包给我们,也可以这么做,这基本上就是我们的 ethos(理念)。
Speaker 208:19 - 08:29
And are your customers generally choosing to opt from the grab bag of stuff that you offer, or are they How often are they opting into just the managed agents offering, I guess? Just take care of it all for me.
Speaker 208:19 - 08:29
你们的客户通常是在你们提供的这堆工具里自行挑选组合吗,还是说——我换个问法——他们有多经常会直接选择 managed agents 这类方案?也就是“你们全都替我搞定”的那种。
Speaker 108:29 - 09:06
It varies by the user group. So for, I would say, really AI native startups, the ones who are tinkering and experimenting at a really low layer, they're just gonna go for the primitives. And then for everyone else, these are kind of classic, more enterprises or areas where it's like the purpose of the startup or the philosophy behind the startup isn't necessarily to optimize on some kind of hill climbing pieces, more like stringing together bunch of workflows and providing unique user value to that user. For those people, it's just kind of not their core competency. It's not where they wanna focus their time and resources, and they reach much more for these kind of higher ordered package offerings.
Speaker 108:29 - 09:06
这取决于用户群体。比如我会说,真正 AI native 的 startups,那些在非常底层不断 tinkering(动手折腾)和 experimenting(实验)的人,通常只会选择 primitives。至于其他人,尤其是更传统的 enterprise(企业)场景,或者一些 startup 的目标与理念本身并不是去优化某种 hill climbing 式的局部提升,而更像是把一系列 workflows(工作流)串联起来,并为用户提供独特价值——对这些人来说,这类事情本来就不是他们的 core competency(核心能力),也不是他们想投入时间和资源去聚焦的地方,所以他们会更多选择这种更高阶的打包式方案。
Speaker 409:06 - 09:13
What are some examples of the primitives you've released at different layers in the last few months? We've seen a few of them. Would love to hear.
Speaker 409:06 - 09:13
过去几个月里,你们在不同层级都发布了哪些 primitives 的例子?我们已经看到其中一些了,很想听你展开讲讲。
Speaker 109:13 - 09:43
Yeah. I think maybe one framing I would give for some of the constructs that Caitlin was talking about is and this is a bit of an oversimplification, but effectively, there's approximately like three layers of this cake. At the very bottom is just kind of like knowledge. And so at this layer, in many ways, it's knowledge about the model, it's knowledge about the things that the model needs, and it's just like the ability to know how to actually do something with Claude is maybe the way I'd phrase that. And so there, the primitives that we have spent more and more time on have been actually things of the past.
Speaker 109:13 - 09:43
对。我想,也许可以这样来理解 Caitlin 刚才提到的一些 constructs(构件):这个说法有点过度简化了,但基本上,这个“层级蛋糕”大致可以分成三层。最底层有点像是 knowledge(知识)。所以在这一层,很多时候它是关于 model 的知识,是关于 model 所需要的东西的知识,也可以说,就是知道如何真正用 Claude 做成一件事的能力。我大概会这么表述。因此,在这一层,我们投入越来越多时间打磨的 primitives,其实反而是一些更偏过去就存在的东西。
Speaker 109:43 - 10:22
Because like we still evolve them, but they tend to be a little bit more baked. Like for example, there's very specific shapes and parameters we put on the messages API. And it's more like trying to expressly showcase Claude's design, like Claude the model's actual design, the way it thinks, the way it respects certain parameters, the way it kind of will do tool calls, all of those different pieces. And then we started standardizing tools, and then we started standardizing bits and pieces of context that you could put in at different moments in time, which is concretely skills and memory. And so those are the knowledge layer type of abstractions that we've put out over the past, I guess, year plus a bit.
Speaker 109:43 - 10:22
因为我们仍然在持续演进它们,但它们往往已经更成熟一些。比如说,我们在 messages API 上加入了非常具体的形态和参数。这更像是在明确展示 Claude 的设计,也就是 Claude 这个 model(模型)本身的实际设计:它如何思考、如何遵守某些参数、如何进行 tool calls(工具调用),以及所有这些不同的部分。然后我们开始标准化 tools,接着又开始标准化那些你可以在不同时间点注入的 context(上下文)片段,具体来说就是 skills 和 memory。所以这些就是在过去大概一年多时间里,我们推出的那类 knowledge layer(知识层)抽象。
Speaker 110:23 - 10:43
The next layer of abstraction that we've actually started to spend more and more of our time on is once you know stuff, you then need to execute. And so at the execution layer, that level of abstraction is the part that Caitlin was talking about around, like, we're doing these, like, higher order pieces, but, like, what are we putting higher order to there? It really is because you're now getting Claude to execute work. It's not just to know something. Right?
Speaker 110:23 - 10:43
我们实际上已经开始投入越来越多时间的下一层 abstraction(抽象),是这样一种情况:当你已经“知道”一些东西之后,接下来你就需要去执行。所以在 execution layer(执行层),那一层抽象就是 Caitlin 刚才提到的那部分:我们在做这些更高阶的东西,但这里所谓“更高阶”到底加在什么之上?本质上就是因为你现在是在让 Claude 去执行工作,而不只是知道某件事。对吧?
Speaker 110:43 - 11:06
I can give it a question and give me an answer. You can put string a lot of that stuff together. But now if you need to execute, like do work, give me the output, edit files in a bunch of different systems, that becomes a lot more complicated and requires infrastructure to handle. And so that layer is basically, I would say, a low level harness plus managed infrastructure as, like, the of abstractions. Today, we just our high level product for that is called Cloud Managed Agents.
Speaker 110:43 - 11:06
我可以给它一个问题,让它给我一个答案。你也可以把很多这类东西串起来。但如果你现在需要它去执行,比如真正做事、给我产出、在很多不同系统里编辑文件,这就会复杂得多,也需要基础设施来承接。所以这一层基本上可以说是一套 low level harness(底层控制框架)加上 managed infrastructure(托管基础设施)这样的抽象。今天,我们在这一层的高层产品叫做 Cloud Managed Agents。
Speaker 111:06 - 11:25
And so that's a piece, but we started to wrap more and more pieces in that. I think there's gonna be a layer on top of that. We have some inklings of it that we started to build towards, but the last layer of abstraction on top of this is probably the coordination layer. So you have knowledge, then you have execution, then you have coordination. And at the coordination layer, we've started to expose some of these in ways that, like, aren't very obvious.
Speaker 111:06 - 11:25
这是其中一部分,但我们开始把越来越多的组件包进这里面。我觉得在它之上还会有一层。我们已经有一些迹象,并且已经开始朝那个方向构建,但在这之上的最后一层 abstraction 很可能就是 coordination layer(协调层)。所以你先有 knowledge,然后有 execution,再然后有 coordination。而在 coordination layer,我们已经开始以一些并不那么显眼的方式,把其中一些能力暴露出来。
Speaker 111:25 - 11:55
But we're beginning to think of these things called, like, strategies where basically it's almost like a meta harness. The harness, the true low level harness is designed for execution. But the next one is about, okay, if tokens aren't really fungible and you need to give them different jobs, like maybe this token is advising versus executing. This token is dreaming versus this token's executing, so on and so forth. You wanna start composing these kind of orchestrated strategies that go together and they should sit on top of all these things because at end of day, you still need to execute and the executioner still needs to know what do.
Speaker 111:25 - 11:55
但我们开始思考一种叫 strategies(策略)的东西,基本上它几乎像是一个 meta harness(元控制框架)。真正底层的 harness 是为 execution 设计的。但下一层要解决的是:如果 token 并不是真正可互换的,而且你需要给它们分配不同的工作,比如这个 token 负责 advising(建议)而不是 executing(执行),这个 token 负责 dreaming(发散/构想)而另一个 token 负责 executing,诸如此类。你就会想开始把这类经过编排的 strategies 组合起来,而它们应该建立在前面所有这些东西之上,因为归根结底,你仍然需要执行,而执行者也仍然需要知道该做什么。
Speaker 111:55 - 12:11
So everything in theory should kind of like ladder together. And so I think, you know, if you were to look at our roadmap and the maybe kind of project forward a little bit where you kind of expect us to go, we'll move more and more from the knowledge layer to the execution layer, from the execution layer to the coordination layer in terms of the abstractions that you can see us put
Speaker 111:55 - 12:11
所以理论上,一切都应该像梯子一样层层衔接起来。所以我想,如果你去看我们的 roadmap,并且稍微往前推演一下、预期我们会往哪里走,那么你会看到我们会越来越多地从 knowledge layer 走向 execution layer,再从 execution layer 走向 coordination layer,就我们会推出的这些 abstractions 而言。
Speaker 312:11 - 12:12
out. A really
Speaker 312:11 - 12:12
放出来。
Speaker 212:12 - 12:13
cool quote.
Speaker 212:12 - 12:13
一句非常酷的引言。
Speaker 312:13 - 12:14
Do you think
Speaker 312:13 - 12:14
你觉得
Speaker 412:14 - 12:25
this all comes together into a broader ecosystem beyond just the things that you guys are building? How do you help support people building products on top of it, and how do you help them get the most out of all these pieces?
Speaker 412:14 - 12:25
这一切会整合成一个更广泛的 ecosystem(生态系统)吗,而不只是你们正在构建的那些东西?你们如何帮助支持那些在其之上构建产品的人,又如何帮助他们把这些组成部分的价值最大化?
Speaker 112:25 - 12:36
Yeah. I think this is, like, super top of mind for us. Like, we really wanna find a way to be to support as many people in doing this as we can. I we're still, like, learning. Like, a lot of the industry, like, has evolved.
Speaker 112:25 - 12:36
会的。我觉得这对我们来说是最重要的事情之一。我们真的很想找到一种方式,尽可能支持更多人去做这件事。不过我们也还在学习,毕竟这个行业的很多方面都还在演变。
Speaker 112:36 - 13:07
We've seen, you know, a lot of different pieces get spun up and spun down. And I think the the operative part for for Caitlin and I has been in the category of, like, making sure, at least at the base layer, that we provide as many primitives across the board as possible. So, you know, this kind of, like, yeah, like, knowledge, execution, coordination, we wanna give all of that out to everyone so that people can start to compose and create on top of that. And that's just from a, I think, pure builder kind of point of view. Then there's a point of view around, like, how do you kind of, like, plug in with us?
Speaker 112:36 - 13:07
我们已经看到很多不同的组件被搭起来、又被撤掉。我觉得对 Caitlin 和我来说,关键点一直在于:至少在 base layer(基础层)上,确保我们尽可能全面地提供各种 primitives(基础能力)。所以,比如 knowledge(知识)、execution(执行)、coordination(协调)这类能力,我们都希望开放给所有人,这样大家就可以在其之上进行组合和创造。这是从一种纯 builder(构建者)的视角来看。然后还有另一个视角,就是人们该如何与你们对接、接入我们。
Speaker 113:07 - 13:22
Right? Like, we're also building first party products of our own. We've also created some ways to embed natively with us, like, for example, connectors, which are built on top of the MCP spec. And we try to be more open about those types of things. And we're starting to figure out what are the right bits and pieces.
Speaker 113:07 - 13:22
对吧?我们自己也在构建 first party products(第一方产品)。我们也创建了一些可以与我们原生嵌入的方式,比如 connectors(连接器),它们是基于 MCP spec 构建的。我们也在尽量对这类东西保持更开放的态度。同时,我们也开始摸索,哪些具体的模块和组件才是合适的。
Speaker 113:22 - 13:40
But what we're really trying to do is get to a place where a company is able to get created and built on, they can build whatever products that they want. They can build agents if they need to. And then those agents and those products could be things that could plug into other agents. Some of those agents could be cloud agents. Some of those agents could be other people's agents.
Speaker 113:22 - 13:40
但我们真正想做到的是:让一家公司能够基于这些能力被创建和构建出来,他们可以打造自己想要的任何产品;如果需要,也可以构建 agents(智能体)。而这些 agents 和产品本身,也可以成为能够接入其他 agents 的东西。其中一些 agents 可能是 cloud agents(云端智能体),另一些 agents 可能是别人的 agents。
Speaker 113:40 - 14:00
But we want to be able to enable that kind of like transactability across the board. And then I think in order for all of that to kind of ultimately be true, there is a bit around like standard setting. And I think there's the traditional standard setting, which is around, how do systems interoperate? And that's things that you've kind of seen to see with like skills and MCP. But they're at, again, like the builder layer.
Speaker 113:40 - 14:00
但我们希望能够在整体上实现这种 transactability(可交易性 / 可交互协作能力)。而我认为,要让这一切最终成立,其中有一部分就在于 standard setting(标准制定)。一方面是传统意义上的标准制定,也就是系统如何实现 interoperability(互操作性)。这也是你已经能在 skills 和 MCP 这类东西上看到的方向。不过,它们依然还是处在 builder layer(构建者层)。
Speaker 114:00 - 14:37
I think at a higher order layer, there's also a bit around interoperability and standard setting around how do we all kind of like treat safety together? And we've talked to a lot of these companies and this is less from philosophies aside, just more like no one really wants to have technology that's, for example, doing negative things on their service. So cyber, I think, is a great example of this. You want to protect your own systems from negative actors or bad actors. And so these kinds of standard settings of how can we find ways to partner with more and more people to be like, Yeah, we all kind of want to make sure critical infrastructure is good.
Speaker 114:00 - 14:37
我觉得在更高一层上,还有一部分与 interoperability 和 standard setting 有关,那就是:我们该如何共同对待 safety(安全)?我们和很多这类公司都谈过,这里先不谈理念分歧,单从现实层面来说,没有人真的希望自己的服务上运行的技术去做负面的事情。所以我觉得 cyber(网络安全)就是一个很好的例子。你会想保护自己的系统,不受 negative actors 或 bad actors(恶意行为者)的影响。因此,这类标准制定的重点就在于:我们怎样才能找到方式,与越来越多的人合作,一起说——对,我们都希望确保 critical infrastructure(关键基础设施)是安全可靠的。
Speaker 114:37 - 15:02
We all want to prevent fraud or any of those things from happening. And how can we work better with each of these members? I think on the last layer, we're still kind of like we're still evolving. And I think we're still very much trying to find ways that we can be better and work with the rest of the industry to bring people along and work with them. But those are kind of the higher order primitives or pieces that we wish to be in place so they can work with folks to ultimately solve this.
Speaker 114:37 - 15:02
我们都希望防止 fraud(欺诈)或任何这类事情发生。以及,我们怎样才能更好地与这些成员中的每一方合作?我觉得,在最后这一层上,我们某种程度上仍然处在持续演进之中。我也认为,我们现在仍然非常努力地在寻找办法,让自己做得更好,并与行业其他参与者协作,把更多人带进来、与他们配合推进。但这些都属于更高阶的 primitives(基础构件)或模块,我们希望它们能够到位,这样大家才能与各方合作,最终解决这个问题。
Speaker 115:02 - 15:33
I think if Fly were to take a step back at the end of the day on all of these things, this technology is so transformative. And if it's a little bit like electricity in the sense, before electricity, there was just had to have a candle and it was like, you can only do so many things. But with electricity, the reason why it's such a transforming technology for all of us and so greatly of a utility is because you can actually like wired it into everything. Everyone is able to actually access it. We also have like standards and ways to plug in and do all the pieces that we need.
Speaker 115:02 - 15:33
我觉得,如果 Fly 在一天结束时、退一步看所有这些事情,这项技术的变革性实在太强了。某种意义上,它有点像 electricity(电):在电出现之前,人们只能靠 candle(蜡烛),能做的事情非常有限;但有了电之后,它之所以对我们所有人都是如此具有变革性的技术、如此强大的 utility(基础效用),是因为你真的可以把它接入几乎所有东西。每个人都能够真正使用它。我们也有各种标准,以及插接和完成所需各个环节的方法。
Speaker 115:33 - 15:39
And that's not something that anybody can do by themselves. They always have to work with the ecosystem and work with partners to figure out a path forward.
Speaker 115:33 - 15:39
而这不是任何一个人单靠自己就能做到的事情。大家始终都必须与 ecosystem(生态系统)协作、与 partners(合作伙伴)协作,去找到一条前进的路径。
Speaker 215:39 - 15:54
How do you think about the philosophy of building an open ecosystem versus a walled garden? How do you think about what products are really important for you to own first party versus where you're perfectly happy to plug into other components of the ecosystem?
Speaker 215:39 - 15:54
你如何看待构建 open ecosystem(开放生态)而不是 walled garden(封闭花园)的理念?对于哪些产品你认为必须由自己 first party(第一方)来拥有,哪些方面你又完全乐于接入生态中的其他组件,你是怎么思考的?
Speaker 315:54 - 17:12
Yeah, so maybe in using Angela's kind of layered cake that we talked about a little bit earlier, you'll see that on some pieces of this, like execution, for example, what we've done within something like Cloud Managed Agents, and I think over time you'll see us try to make this a little bit more modular, we actually aren't precious about you should run these things on our infrastructure. It should be sandboxes that we control or it should be a storage layer that we control. We actually, for example, we launched self hosted sandboxes and we partnered with Modal and Vercel and Cloudflare and a bunch of other folks, even Amazon's new micro VMs, to have a first class offering where you can go plug any of those things in. We launched MCP tunnels so that you can call out to your MCP servers that are behind your firewall and be able to punch through there. And so for some of these things, whether it runs on our infrastructure versus somebody else's infrastructure is actually not important to us because the thing that's important to us is more that the architecture of how you put together these agents in a way that will be powerful, in a way that will be reliable and scalable, we have strong opinions on that, and you can kinda just conform to the interfaces that we put out there and plug those things in, and we think that that generally is a thing that works really well.
Speaker 315:54 - 17:12
是的,也许借用一下我们稍早谈到的 Angela 那个 layered cake(分层蛋糕)比喻,你会看到在其中一些部分上——比如 execution(执行)——我们在像 Cloud Managed Agents 这样的东西里所做的事情,而且我认为随着时间推移,你会看到我们努力让它变得更 modular(模块化)一些,我们其实并不执着于“这些东西一定要跑在我们的 infrastructure(基础设施)上”。它不一定非得是我们控制的 sandboxes(沙箱),或者我们控制的 storage layer(存储层)。实际上,比如说,我们推出了 self hosted sandboxes(自托管沙箱),并且与 Modal、Vercel、Cloudflare 以及很多其他伙伴合作,甚至包括 Amazon 的新 micro VMs(微型虚拟机),去提供一种 first class offering(一等支持方案),让你可以接入其中任意一种。我们还推出了 MCP tunnels,这样你就可以调用位于你的 firewall(防火墙)之后的 MCP servers,并能够打通这层连接。所以对于其中一些事情,究竟是跑在我们的 infrastructure 上,还是别人的 infrastructure 上,对我们来说其实并不重要;因为对我们更重要的是,你如何把这些 agents(智能体)组合起来的 architecture(架构)——要让它足够强大、足够可靠、足够可扩展——在这一点上我们有非常明确的看法。你基本上只需要遵循我们提供出来的 interfaces(接口)并把这些东西接进来,而我们认为这通常会运作得非常好。
Speaker 317:12 - 17:14
Yeah. I think on the kind of
Speaker 317:12 - 17:14
对,我觉得在这种……
Speaker 117:14 - 17:34
verticals where we might build products, I think we kinda have two frames here. The first one is we are always trying to figure out a form factor, like an evolving form factor. We, by the way, don't think form factors are like static. It's like a dynamic thing. So what might be awesome for one year's worth of AI development will probably not be awesome for the next year's worth.
Speaker 117:14 - 17:34
在我们可能会构建产品的那些 verticals(垂直领域)上,我觉得我们大概有两个思考框架。第一个是,我们始终都在试图找出一种 form factor(产品形态),一种不断演进的 form factor。顺便说一句,我们并不认为 form factors 是静态的;它是一个动态的东西。所以,某一种在某一年的 AI 发展阶段里可能非常棒的形态,大概率并不会同样适用于下一年的发展阶段。
Speaker 117:34 - 17:48
And we just kinda try to have that mentality. We tell the team just overall, like around Anthropic. Everyone's always trying to be like, is this AGI pilled enough? And then we also have this mentality of like, we built something, it works. It was cool for a year and maybe it's not the right next thing.
Speaker 117:34 - 17:48
而我们就是尽量保持这种心态。我们也会整体上这样告诉 Anthropic 团队:大家总是在想,“这个东西够不够 AGI pilled?”与此同时,我们还有另一种心态:我们做出了某个东西,它能用,也确实很酷,可能在一年里都很好,但也许它并不是接下来那个正确的下一步。
Speaker 117:48 - 17:59
And so is there a way to try again? And we tell platform users the same thing. We just think that's probably just, you know, attached to the technology. But so, yeah. One one principle is, like, trying to always constantly find this new form factor.
Speaker 117:48 - 17:59
那么,有没有办法再试一次呢?我们也会对平台用户说同样的话。我们只是觉得,这大概就是,你知道,技术本身所附带的一部分。不过,是的。其中一个原则就是,始终不断地去寻找这种新的 form factor(形态)。
Speaker 117:59 - 18:23
So sometimes we'll, like, launch products in certain areas to try to showcase a new type of form factor. It's not necessarily because we think it's, like, the biggest ham or the most important thing to go after, but sometimes like, okay, this has like always been a really difficult thing and people have always communicated this way or tried some things this way. And can we show that maybe there's a slightly different way? And because the model capabilities are are so advanced now, can we try to express it a bit differently?
Speaker 117:59 - 18:23
所以有时候,我们会在某些领域推出产品,来尝试展示一种新类型的 form factor。这不一定是因为我们觉得它是最大的机会,或者是最重要、最值得追逐的事情,而是有时会想,好吧,这件事一直都很难,人们也一直都用这种方式沟通,或者尝试用这种方式做事。那我们能不能证明,也许其实还有一种稍微不同的方式?而且既然现在 model(模型)能力已经这么先进了,我们能不能用一种稍微不同的方式把它表达出来?
Speaker 418:23 - 18:25
What's an example of that?
Speaker 418:23 - 18:25
有什么例子吗?
Speaker 118:25 - 18:47
Yeah. You know, like, cloud design is a little bit of of that way. I think depending on how you squint, you might see it as, like, a way that we kind of going into design as as as, like, you know, one of the verticals. But more often than not, it's like if you take a look at what we're trying to do with that product, there's a couple of, like, decisions that were made in there. The first one is that, like, you can actually try to offload more and more and more to Claude.
Speaker 118:25 - 18:47
对。你知道,Claude Design 在某种程度上就有点这种意思。我觉得,这取决于你怎么看,你可能会把它看成是我们某种程度上进入 design 这个 vertical(垂直领域)的方式之一。但更多时候,如果你仔细看我们想用那个产品做什么,里面其实做了几个决定。第一个是,你实际上可以尝试把越来越多的事情卸载给 Claude。
Speaker 118:48 - 19:19
And so it tries to be kind of opinionated on, like, you know, just just, like, talk to it and, like, let it really try to figure out. And, yes, you can still edit it and then do these kinds of things, but kinda, like, discourage a little of that and more just, like, let just talk to Claude to go figure it out. The second thing was it was really trying to express that actually, like, code is a is a a way to solve for things that you wouldn't normally think would be the way. So a lot of people who have built kinda generative, you know, like, slide decks or designs or whatever will pick the way of, like, they have, like, some kinda design system. You integrate against design system.
Speaker 118:48 - 19:19
所以它会有点带着明确倾向,也就是,直接去跟它聊,让它自己真正去尝试搞明白。当然,你仍然可以编辑它,然后做这些操作,但它某种程度上会稍微弱化这种做法,更鼓励的是:就直接和 Claude 交流,让它去弄清楚。第二点是,它其实是在努力表达这样一件事:code(代码)其实是一种解决问题的方式,而很多时候你通常不会想到要用这种方式。因为很多做 generative(生成式)slide decks、designs 之类产品的人,通常会选择这样一条路:他们会有某种 design system(设计系统),然后你去对接这个 design system。
Speaker 119:19 - 19:37
It's almost in the traditional, like, classic WYSIWYG style of designing something. And with, like, Quad Design, it was like, okay. Can we try to just, like, use code purely, like, have Quad generate that code? And would it, like, do a good job? And we found through some experiments early on, it's like, actually, it looks like it can kinda do that.
Speaker 119:19 - 19:37
这几乎就是一种传统、经典的 WYSIWYG 风格的设计方式。而在 Claude Design 里,我们想的是,好吧,我们能不能试着纯粹用 code,让 Claude 来生成这些 code?它会不会做得不错?我们在早期做了一些实验后发现,实际上,看起来它还真的有点能做到。
Speaker 119:37 - 19:50
How can we kinda showcase that to the world? So that's, like, an example. We have a lot of other internal projects, and this kinda falls in the category of, like, expressing form factor. We'll all try it out internally. It'll be super cool for, two weeks, and then we move on to the next thing.
Speaker 119:37 - 19:50
那我们怎么把这一点展示给全世界看呢?所以这算是一个例子。我们还有很多其他内部项目,这些大体都属于“表达 form factor”这一类。我们会先在内部试一试,它会在两周内显得超级酷,然后我们就继续做下一个东西了。
Speaker 119:50 - 20:06
We never even ship the thing, frankly. But yeah, we actually do a lot of product experimentation in that area and that's like our labs team. And then there's like the second category, which is that we actually do look at TAM. Like, we're a business, we do look at TAM. We do look at areas that we think, you know, there'd be reasonable, agentic, like, operations that would happen.
Speaker 119:50 - 20:06
说实话,我们甚至从来不会把那东西正式发布出去。不过,没错,我们在那个方向上确实做了很多产品实验,那基本就是我们的 labs team 在做的事。然后还有第二类,那就是我们确实会看 TAM。毕竟我们是一家公司,我们确实会看 TAM。我们也会关注那些我们认为会发生合理的、agentic(具备 agent 自主性特征的)operations(运营/操作)的领域。
Speaker 120:07 - 20:33
In those areas, we do tend to have an orientation towards things that are more token heavy. And by token heavy or token hungry, maybe is the way I would say that, is, what we mean is, like, you know, you Once you spend a, like, call it like one turn, you look at the end of that turn and you say like, am I done or am I actually so glad that I did that thing? I want to do more of that thing. We like industries where it's like the answer to that question, say, I wanna do more of that thing. So coding is obviously the one that we all know.
Speaker 120:07 - 20:33
在这些领域里,我们确实更偏向那些更 token heavy 的东西。所谓 token heavy,或者我可能会说 token hungry,意思是,比如你完成一轮交互之后,回头看这一轮的结果,会问自己:我做完了吗,还是说我 actually 很高兴自己做了这件事,还想继续多做一点?我们喜欢那种对这个问题的答案是“我还想继续做”的行业。coding 显然就是我们都知道的一个例子。
Speaker 120:33 - 20:44
And the great thing about coding is that what it's actually doing is that, like, once you've finished a turn, you look at that and you're like, that was incredible. I'm, like, unlocked. I'm going to do, like, more. I'm going to build more. I can do more.
Speaker 120:33 - 20:44
coding 的好处在于,它实际带来的效果是:当你完成一轮之后,你会看着结果说,这太棒了,我感觉自己被解锁了。我还要继续做更多,我能构建更多,我能做更多事情。
Speaker 120:44 - 21:04
And there's other services where it's like, actually, when you finish that turn, you completed the job, and you just move on. You know what I mean? And so we tend to, like, go into the ones that are a bit more like, there's this kind of, like, iterative flow. You're going to build more, generate more together. And then the last angle that we kinda take a look at is just sort of like, you know, there's gonna be certain business functions that we're like, they are the buyer that we like to go to.
Speaker 120:44 - 21:04
但也有另外一些服务是这样的:你完成那一轮之后,工作其实就已经结束了,然后你就转去做别的了。你明白我的意思吧?所以我们往往会更进入那些更像是存在某种 iterative flow(迭代式流程)的方向:你会继续一起构建、继续生成更多内容。然后我们最后还会看的一个角度是,某些 business functions(业务职能)会是我们愿意去接触的 buyer(采购方)。
Speaker 121:04 - 21:25
We want to help them optimize their workflows, help them create better products there. And I think we've been pretty transparent with some of the verticalization. Like, we've done, like, finance. We've done, like, legal. And we've tried to narrow on into specific areas where we feel like by having the right context and the right tools and putting it together in a good form factor is probably useful for us to be able to do.
Speaker 121:04 - 21:25
我们希望帮助他们优化 workflow(工作流程),帮助他们在那里创造出更好的产品。我觉得我们在一些 verticalization(垂直化)方向上一直都相当透明。比如我们做过 finance,也做过 legal。我们一直在努力收窄到一些更具体的领域,因为我们觉得,如果拥有正确的 context(上下文)和正确的 tools(工具),再把它们用合适的 form factor(产品形态)组合起来,那对我们来说大概率会是有用且可行的。
Speaker 321:25 - 21:53
And in each of those areas, we're trying to do a bit of showing the art of the possible across all the different ways that you would accomplish those outcomes. And so for finance, for example, is a good one. You could be a company that solves problems in finance, and you could build directly on the Messages API, and you can just get some tokens, and you can build everything else on top. Or you could be someone who builds on cloud managed agents. You can get a lot more out of the box.
Speaker 321:25 - 21:53
而在这些领域中的每一个,我们都在努力稍微展示一下“可能性的艺术”——也就是你可以通过哪些不同方式来实现这些结果。以 finance 为例,这就是个很好的例子。你可以是一家解决 finance 问题的公司,直接基于 Messages API 来构建,拿到一些 token,然后在其上搭建其他所有东西。或者你也可以基于 cloud managed agents(云托管 agent)来构建,这样你一开始就能获得更多开箱即用的能力。
Speaker 321:53 - 22:26
Or you could say, I'm gonna build a plugin that, or like a connector that's gonna sit within one of our products and within those form factors. When we did recently, we launched Claude for Financial Services, is like, okay, cool. We've got packages of skills and things like this that you could choose to use within our product, within other people's products. We even launch cookbooks on here's how you would use Cloud Managed Agents to go and do these things. And so I think for us, it's all kind of an experimentation around we provide people all these different pieces and see kinda where they run with it.
Speaker 321:53 - 22:26
或者你也可以说,我要做一个 plugin,或者说一个 connector,把它放进我们的某个产品里,放进这些 form factors(产品形态)里面。比如我们最近发布 Claude for Financial Services 时,就是在说:好,很棒,我们准备了一整套 skills(技能包)之类的东西,你可以选择在我们的产品里使用,也可以放进别人的产品里使用。我们甚至还发布了 cookbooks(操作指南),告诉你如何使用 Cloud Managed Agents 去完成这些事情。所以我觉得,对我们来说,这整体上都是一种实验:我们把这些不同的组件都提供给大家,然后看看他们会如何拿它们去发挥。
Speaker 322:26 - 23:11
And then sometimes we put together products that are just packaging of all of these things. Like Claw Tag, I think, is a really good example. We had been seeing people in the industry go and say Shopify did this with River. Square, Block recently did this with BuilderBot. There's a few of these examples where people said, I'm gonna build an agentic platform internal to my company, and I'm gonna try to give it all the right context, and I'm gonna make it accessible from Slack or from various other platforms that you'd want it to be accessible at, and I think Claude Tag was very much a packaging of all those same things that anybody could choose to build something similar, but this is how we're kind of like, Well, this is how we're doing it internally, and if you would like to just kind of plug in and go, here's what that looks like.
Speaker 322:26 - 23:11
然后有时我们也会把这些东西整合成产品,本质上就是把所有这些能力打包起来。我觉得 Claw Tag 就是一个很好的例子。我们之前一直看到行业里有人这么做,比如 Shopify 用 River 做了这个,Square,或者说 Block,最近也用 BuilderBot 做了这个。这里面已经有好几个例子了:人们会说,我要在自己公司内部构建一个 agentic platform(agent 化平台),我要尽量给它提供所有正确的 context(上下文),还要让它能从 Slack 或其他你希望它可访问的平台上被使用。而我认为 Claude Tag 很大程度上就是把这些相同的东西打包在一起——任何人其实都可以选择自己去构建一个类似的东西,但这更像是在说:这是我们内部自己的做法;如果你想直接接上就用,那大概就是这个样子。
Speaker 223:11 - 23:19
What do you think people misunderstood about CloudStack? Because there was all this ruckus about, Oh my gosh, it's just a Slack bot. Tell us what the magic of Tag is.
Speaker 223:11 - 23:19
你觉得大家对 CloudStack 的误解是什么?因为当时有很多议论,说什么“天哪,这不就是个 Slack bot 吗”。那你给我们讲讲,Tag 真正神奇的地方到底是什么。
Speaker 123:19 - 23:32
Yeah, I think it's a great question. And I I do think it actually showcases a little bit of where maybe the future could be going. Yeah. I think, like, the I think if you look at products in the past, people are like, oh, you really attached to, like, the form or the the UI almost. Right?
Speaker 123:19 - 23:32
对,我觉得这是个很好的问题。我也确实认为,这其实多少展示了未来可能会走向哪里。对。我觉得,如果你看过去的产品,大家会说,哦,你其实非常依附于它的 form(形态)或者几乎就是它的 UI(用户界面)。对吧?
Speaker 123:32 - 23:46
Like, it looks like this, so it's, like, super cool. And I think when you look at, like, tag, it like, yeah. Like, the way you interact with it is that you, like, literally tag it in Slack. And so, yeah, that is, like, the interface. But that's not really the important part.
Speaker 123:32 - 23:46
比如,它长这样,所以就超级酷。我觉得当你看 tag 的时候,也是这样。对。你和它交互的方式,就是你在 Slack 里直接 tag 它。所以,对,那就是 interface(界面)。但那其实并不是最重要的部分。
Speaker 123:46 - 24:11
The important part is all the kind of, like, context engineering and, like, architecture that we put underneath the hood so that tag just works. It really should just, like, just feel like a coworker. Like a co you know, if you go to a company and you onboard, coworker comes into your channel and then you can chat with it, it's proactive. It figured out, like, what's, like, useful. You could and it just gets stuff, like, done for you.
Speaker 123:46 - 24:11
重要的是我们在底层做的各种 context engineering(上下文工程)以及 architecture(架构),这样 tag 才能真正“直接可用”。它真的应该感觉就像一个 coworker(同事)。就像一个同事——你知道的——如果你加入一家公司,入职之后,一个同事进入你的频道,然后你可以和它聊天,它会主动行动。它会判断什么是有用的。你可以——而且它就是会帮你把事情做完。
Speaker 124:11 - 24:37
And so if you think about, you know, especially, like, nontechnical audiences, this is, like, it's a huge unlock. You just you literally create a channel, and then you at Claude, or sometimes you don't even at Claude, and you're like, hey. I wanna be able to do this and do that, and I can't figure out this, and how do I actually, like, submit an expense report again? And, traditionally, if you think about how to solve that workflow, you are going all over the place, and you're talking to your manager and you're talking to your spin up buddy, and it's really, really complicated. And today, now you just, like, go talk to CloudTag.
Speaker 124:11 - 24:37
所以如果你从,尤其是非技术受众的角度来想,这就是一个巨大的 unlock(突破口)。你真的只需要建一个频道,然后你 @Claude,有时候甚至都不用 @Claude,然后你就说,嘿,我想做这个、做那个,我搞不清这个,还有我到底该怎么再次提交 expense report(报销单)来着?而传统上,如果你想想怎么解决这个 workflow(工作流),你得四处找信息,得去问你的经理,还得去问带你上手的 buddy,这真的非常非常复杂。而今天,你现在就只需要去和 CloudTag 聊。
Speaker 124:37 - 24:51
And we do a lot of the hard work on doing the context engineering, the proactivity, a lot of the harness pieces. I think Andre Kaparthi said it really well. It's like it's like an org level harness. There's a lot of complexity baked into that. Like Kayla mentioned, you can use our APIs to go and construct that.
Speaker 124:37 - 24:51
而我们做了很多艰难的工作,比如 context engineering、proactivity(主动性),还有很多 harness(编排/控制框架)方面的部分。我觉得 Andre Kaparthi 说得特别好,这就像是一个 org level harness(组织级控制框架)。这里面内嵌了大量复杂性。就像 Kayla 提到的那样,你也可以使用我们的 APIs 去自行构建这些东西。
Speaker 124:51 - 25:16
You can do a lot of the experimentation yourself, obviously. But this is an opinionated take from Anthropic on how you can have this really awesome, always on kind of agent for your entire entire company. And the bit that's, like, futuristic, I guess, is, like, a lot of that complexity is actually like it's like an iceberg. It's like all the stuff underneath it. That's actually becoming harder and harder and, like, useful part that we're trying to, like, push through.
Speaker 124:51 - 25:16
当然,你自己也可以做很多实验。但这是 Anthropic 对于如何为整个公司打造这种非常棒的、always on(始终在线)的 agent(智能体)的一种 opinionated take(带有明确产品判断的方案)。而我猜其中那个很“未来感”的部分在于,很多复杂性其实就像一座冰山,都是在水面之下的东西。那部分实际上正在变得越来越难,而那也正是更有价值的部分,是我们试图去推进和打通的。
Speaker 125:16 - 25:45
And I think we'll see more and more, like, that kind of, like, tidbit that's, like, outside in the water. It's just, like, the interface can actually constantly swap. Like, today, right, like, Slack is a place where a lot of people collaborate, a lot of business collaborate, but also a lot of people collaborate in teams. And some people collaborate by a WhatsApp group, or they text each other, or they may some people still email each other. And, like, those could be the form factors that actually completely you can imagine agents just going there and being, and they're almost taking up the same form factors as humans have taken up.
Speaker 125:16 - 25:45
我觉得我们会越来越多地看到这样一种情况:露出水面的那一点点东西,其实只是 interface(界面),而这个界面本身是可以不断切换的。比如今天,Slack 是很多人协作的地方,很多企业在上面协作,很多团队也在上面协作。但有些人是在 WhatsApp 群里协作,或者互发短信,也还有一些人依然通过 email 协作。而这些都可能成为实际的 form factors(交互形态);你完全可以想象,agents(智能体)就直接进入这些地方,它们几乎是在采用人类一直以来所采用的同样的 form factors。
Speaker 125:45 - 26:03
It was almost like a very almost like boring take, but it's actually like, I feel like the most like forward one because you want the agent and you want AI to basically be like another person and it's helping you. But it's like, you know, very intelligent, can figure out all the context, and you can always have it to be a really helpful assistant.
Speaker 125:45 - 26:03
这几乎像是一种非常——几乎有点无聊的看法,但实际上我觉得它反而是最 forward(前瞻)的,因为你希望 agent,也希望 AI,本质上就像另一个人一样在帮助你。只是它非常聪明,能够理清所有上下文,而且你可以一直让它作为一个非常有帮助的 assistant(助手)陪在你身边。
Speaker 226:03 - 26:16
Totally. You talked about context and then harnesses quite a bit. And so your team has such an opinionated point of view on what it takes to build an exceptional agent. I imagine a lot of that comes down to the context engineering and the harnesses.
Speaker 226:03 - 26:16
完全同意。你刚才相当多地谈到了 context,以及 harnesses。所以你们团队对于打造一个卓越 agent 到底需要什么,显然有一套很鲜明、很有主张的观点。我想其中很大一部分,应该都归结到 context engineering 和 harnesses。
Speaker 126:16 - 26:16
Totally.
Speaker 126:16 - 26:16
完全是。
Speaker 226:16 - 26:23
Maybe what best practices or advice would you share with people about what you need to get right on the harness and what you need to get right on the context?
Speaker 226:16 - 26:23
也许你会分享哪些 best practices(最佳实践)或建议:在 harness 上有哪些地方必须做对,在 context 上又有哪些地方必须做对?
Speaker 326:24 - 27:04
Yeah, I think, so it's interesting because we've kind of talked about, we launched Cloud Managed Agents as this very generic but high performing harness because we've done all the nitty gritty work that's actually really boring and not super interesting around how do you deal with prompt caching, how do you deal with context management, you clear old stuff out of the window, sometimes you call tools programmatically so you don't pull everything into the context window and you can keep it clean. There's a lot of those sort of details on the lower level harness layer. And I think, honestly, best practices are just stuff like prom caching. Do it. You're gonna save a lot of money and token costs.
Speaker 326:24 - 27:04
是的,我觉得这很有意思,因为我们其实一直在谈,我们推出了 Cloud Managed Agents,把它作为一种非常通用但性能很高的 harness,因为我们已经把那些真正很琐碎、也不算特别有趣的底层工作都做掉了,比如怎么处理 prompt caching,怎么处理 context management,怎么把旧内容从窗口里清掉,有时还会以编程方式调用工具,这样你就不用把所有东西都塞进 context window 里,能让它保持干净。在更底层的 harness 层面,有很多这种细节。坦白说,我觉得 best practices 就是像 prompt caching 这种事。去做。你会省下很多钱和 token 成本。
Speaker 327:04 - 27:46
Obviously, try to keep your context window clear, and then putting those things together in a harness that will be performant is sometimes specific to the task that you're trying to accomplish, right? And then, of course, evals. I'm surprised we got this far into this thing before one of us said the word evals. We're like, you need evals to make sure that what you're trying to accomplish is performance. But I think where we're starting to go, and Angela mentioned this a little bit earlier, is more of a concept of strategies or meta harnesses, because I do think that, yes, you can, again, make this lower level harness that's gonna be performant, and maybe that's interesting for you to do yourself or maybe not, and you offload it to us.
Speaker 327:04 - 27:46
很明显,要尽量让你的 context window 保持清爽;然后把这些东西组合进一个高性能的 harness 里,这有时也取决于你想完成的具体任务,对吧?当然,还有 evals。我都很惊讶我们都聊到这里了,居然还没人先说出 evals 这个词。我们的意思是,你需要 evals 来确保你想达成的东西真的有性能表现。不过我觉得我们开始走向的方向——Angela 前面也稍微提到过——更像是一种 strategies,或者说 meta harnesses 的概念。因为我确实认为,是的,你当然可以继续自己做这个底层 harness,并把它做得很高性能;这件事对你来说也许有意思,也许没那么有意思,你也可以把它外包给我们。
Speaker 327:46 - 28:13
But this concept that you can take any given token and spend that token on just executing, or you could take that same token and choose to actually reflect on your past AgenTex sessions and write learnings to memory so that the next agent does a good job. Or you could take that token and advise with a bigger model so that a smaller model can execute and do a better job. Or you can say, Execute, execute, and then a grader comes in and is like, Did you do a good job? No, you didn't. Try again.
Speaker 327:46 - 28:13
但这里有个概念是:你可以把任何一个给定的 token 用在单纯执行上;或者你也可以把同一个 token 用来回顾你过去的 AgenTex sessions,并把经验写进 memory,这样下一个 agent 就能做得更好。你也可以把这个 token 用来向一个更大的 model 征求建议,这样较小的 model 在执行时就能做得更好。或者你也可以说,执行、执行,然后再让一个 grader 进来说:你做得好吗?没有。再试一次。
Speaker 328:13 - 28:53
And so I think the interesting innovation is gonna come more at that higher level on the meta level, and I think optimizing within those strategies is something that our team is really excited about, and we're starting to do a lot of work there. And I think a lot of other people are starting to feel really excited about this concept of strategies and the jobs you give to tokens because, again, yes, there's best practices on stuff like your prompt caching and exactly how you clear stuff out of your context window and how you write your evals and a lot of things like this, But I don't know that there's necessarily so much juice to squeeze in a lot of cases out of that layer as compared to a layer higher than that. Yeah. And one
Speaker 328:13 - 28:53
所以我认为,真正有意思的创新会更多出现在更高一层,也就是 meta level,而我觉得在这些 strategies 内做优化,正是我们团队非常兴奋的方向,我们也已经开始在这方面做很多工作。我也觉得,很多其他人也开始对这种 strategies 的概念,以及你分配给 tokens 的工作,感到非常兴奋。因为再说一次,没错,像 prompt caching、到底该如何清理 context window 里的内容、如何编写 evals,诸如此类,确实都有各自的 best practices;但我不确定在很多情况下,和再往上一层相比,在那一层还能不能榨出那么多价值。对。还有一个
Speaker 128:53 - 29:17
of the reasons for that, I think, is it has to do with the generations of the models. If you look two years ago, a lot of the harness was like a scaffold to kind of like tell the model to go from point a to point b. And you had to like you really had to like build in a lot practically build one wall here and one wall here so that like the thing would go in a straight line. And now the models are actually very, very steerable. And so a lot of that steering, you could just put it in the prompt.
Speaker 128:53 - 29:17
原因,我觉得,和 models 的代际演进有关。如果你看两年前,很多 harness 都像是一种 scaffold(脚手架),要告诉 model 怎么从 point a 走到 point b。你必须——真的必须——在里面加入很多约束,几乎像是在这里砌一堵墙、那里再砌一堵墙,这样它才能沿着一条直线前进。而现在的 models 其实已经非常、非常 steerable(可引导)。
Speaker 129:17 - 29:33
Right? Like, go do go from point a to point b. And the model, like, will go from point a to point b. So a lot of if you have harnesses that are, like, designed to kind of do that kind of, like, steering, you can delete that part. Like, that part we actually frequently encourage where you could delete part of those harnesses.
Speaker 129:17 - 29:33
对吧?比如你直接说,去做,从 point a 到 point b。然后 model 真的就会从 point a 到 point b。所以很多如果你的 harness 本来就是为了做那种“引导”而设计的部分,其实可以删掉。事实上,这一点我们还经常会建议:你完全可以删掉那些 harness 里的部分内容。
Speaker 129:33 - 29:57
I think various people have said things along those lines. And that's, I think, what people oftentimes mean when they're like, either the model will kind of consume some of the scaffolding. And, like, in that sense, like, for sure, your scaffolding is telling it to go in direction that it can just intelligently figure out, like, that I think will increasingly continue to to be so. But as a result of of this, what the harness needs to start doing is more allow it to run longer. And so that's where, like, that execution bit tends to be.
Speaker 129:33 - 29:57
我觉得很多人都说过类似的话。而且我想,这通常也是人们的意思:要么 model 会在某种程度上吸收掉一部分 scaffolding(脚手架)。也就是说,如果你的 scaffolding 只是告诉它朝一个它自己就能智能推断出来的方向走,那我认为这种情况肯定会越来越普遍。不过正因为如此,harness 需要开始做的,是更多地允许它运行更长时间。所以执行这一块,往往就是重点所在。
Speaker 129:57 - 30:28
Think like, it sounds like a maybe somewhat silly point, but I do think it results in a lot of differences because because you can go in the direction that you tell it to go, you obviously don't want it to stop at b. You're gonna be like, okay, now go from b to c and then go to f and then go to z and then come back to me on a. You know, something funky like that. In order to be able to do a lot of those things, the kinds of harnesses that you do are less the steering harness, and it's more like these kind of strategy harnesses that Caitlin's mentioning, which allows you to operate at a slightly higher level thinking, which matches, I think, a lot of the intelligence gains we're trying to see with the model.
Speaker 129:57 - 30:28
这么想吧,这听起来也许有点傻,但我确实觉得它会带来很多差异。因为既然它可以朝你告诉它的方向前进,你显然不希望它停在 b。你会说:好,现在从 b 到 c,再到 f,再到 z,最后回到 a 来向我汇报。类似这种有点绕的流程。为了做到很多这类事情,你需要的 harness 类型就不太是 steering harness(控制型脚手架),而更像是 Caitlin 提到的这类 strategy harness(策略型脚手架)。它能让你在更高一层的思考层级上运作,而我觉得这也和我们希望从 model 身上看到的那种智能提升是匹配的。
Speaker 230:28 - 30:34
Do you think task specific harnesses make sense or vertical specific or task specific harnesses? I think
Speaker 230:28 - 30:34
你觉得 task specific harnesses(任务特定的脚手架)有意义吗,或者说 vertical specific / task specific harnesses(垂直领域特定 / 任务特定的脚手架)有意义吗?我觉得——
Speaker 130:34 - 30:53
people have different opinions on this. Our opinion is yes. I don't think there's a general harness. Think I there are some capabilities that are obviously very general and they tend to be very useful. Coding is a capability that is very useful because you use it across so many things and software has just eaten so much of what is capable.
Speaker 130:34 - 30:53
不同的人对此看法不一样。我们的看法是:有。我不认为存在一种通用的 general harness。我觉得有些能力显然是非常通用的,而且往往非常有用。coding 就是一种很有用的能力,因为你会在很多事情上用到它,而 software 已经吞噬了如今大量可被实现的能力边界。
Speaker 130:53 - 31:35
So our ability to, like, write software is therefore useful. I think when you think about, like, very, very specific types of domains, they were going to require, like, a couple of pieces of the harness to be sort of, like, customized. One of that I do think is how you choose to kind of, like, handle sort of like errors between when you do something and you hand something off to the model. So in like domains where you require like an extreme level of verification, that logic of how you handle that very like it again, I think it sounds small, but like I totally understand why some feel like they really wanna own the harness because tweaking that last bit will give you a ton of juice. And especially domains like legal and finance where there's a lot of consequences to, you know, not getting it perfectly correct, like, it's really gonna matter.
Speaker 130:53 - 31:35
所以我们编写 software 的能力因此就是有用的。我觉得,当你考虑非常非常具体的领域类型时,它们会要求 harness 的某几个部分做一定程度的定制。其中一点我确实认为很重要,就是你如何处理这样一类 error(错误):在你做完某件事并把某些内容交给 model 之间,如何衔接和校验。比如在那些需要极高 verification(验证)水平的领域里,你处理这部分的逻辑会非常关键。还是那句话,我知道这听起来像个小问题,但我完全理解为什么有些人会觉得他们真的想自己掌控 harness,因为只要微调最后这一点,你就能获得很大的提升。尤其是在 legal 和 finance 这样的领域里,不做到完全正确会带来很多后果,所以这件事真的会非常重要。
Speaker 131:35 - 32:13
And that's gonna be the difference between your product and someone else's product being the thing that the user ultimately uses. And then there are other domains for which, like, I would say it's not going to matter as much because you're able to compress it into, like, a general model capability. So the tweaks that I guess, like, you know, where where we feel like the domain specificity is really gonna matter is the specific, like, verification logic between the model and your execution. And then I think it's gonna be about, like, some of these kind of, like, higher order strategies on how well you're able to actually, like, allocate your token budget. I think the context bit is actually a little overdone.
Speaker 131:35 - 32:13
而这也会成为你的产品和别人产品之间的差别,决定最终用户到底会用哪一个。然后还有一些别的领域,我会说,这件事的重要性就没那么高,因为你可以把它压缩进一种更通用的 model capability(模型能力)里。所以我们觉得 domain specificity(领域特异性)真正会很重要的调整点,一是 model 与你的 execution(执行)之间那套具体的 verification logic(验证逻辑)。然后我觉得,另一个重点会是一些更高阶的策略,比如你到底能多好地分配自己的 token budget(token 预算)。我觉得 context 这部分其实有点被过度强调了。
Speaker 132:13 - 32:24
Yes, you're gonna throw in context, but any harness can actually handle a lot of context. And so that's just more like you have the data. And if you have the data, then obviously you're uniquely qualified to do something useful.
Speaker 132:13 - 32:24
是的,你当然会把 context(上下文)塞进去,但其实任何 harness 都能处理大量 context。所以这更像是:你是否拥有这些数据。而如果你有这些数据,那显然你就具备独特条件去做出有用的东西。
Speaker 332:24 - 32:47
Yeah. And I think when people say harnesses, they often mean a lot of different things. And I think this is why in part there's so many different opinions on this. You can think of a harness as literally just a loop that's like, okay, cool, user model, user model tool, that sort of thing. Then you could think of the harness as also all of the tools that are packaged up with the harness, right?
Speaker 332:24 - 32:47
对。而且我觉得,当人们说 harnesses 时,他们往往指的是很多不同的东西。我想这也是为什么大家对此会有这么多不同意见。你可以把 harness 理解成一个非常字面的 loop(循环),比如:好,用户、model、用户、model、tool(工具),类似这样的流程。然后你也可以把 harness 理解为:连同这个 harness 一起打包进去的所有 tools,对吧?
Speaker 332:47 - 33:33
And there's just a lot of different definitions of these things, and I think the stuff that can be pretty generic and less interesting to own and deal with, as I was kinda saying earlier, is getting your prompt caching right. Maybe that is not the world's most interesting thing. Choosing to clear out old tool calls from the context window and things like that are maybe a little bit less interesting. And you go a layer higher into some of the stuff Angela's talking about, and then you get into, okay, yeah, these are things that I might want to own and control. And so it's interesting with Cloud Managed Agents, the thing that we built today, we call it higher order, but it's not really that high order in the sense that you can choose to define all of the tools that you want to bring in as custom tools with the harness.
Speaker 332:47 - 33:33
而且这些东西的定义本来就很多种。我觉得,像我前面说的那样,那些比较通用、自己持有和处理起来也没那么有意思的部分,比如把你的 prompt caching(提示缓存)做好,也许并不是世界上最有趣的事情。再比如,决定把旧的 tool calls(工具调用)从 context window(上下文窗口)里清掉之类的事,可能也稍微没那么有意思。再往上走一层,到 Angela 刚才在说的一些东西,你就会进入这样一个层面:哦,对,这些是我可能想自己掌控和控制的东西。所以 Cloud Managed Agents 这件事就很有意思——也就是我们今天构建的这个东西,我们称它是 higher order,但其实也没那么“高阶”,因为你仍然可以选择用 harness 把你想接入的所有工具都定义成 custom tools(自定义工具)。
Speaker 333:33 - 33:48
And we give you a lot of knobs to control. You can define skills. You can do your system prompts. You can do a whole bunch of different things, MCP servers and things like this. And I think where we wanna get to is a point where you can literally just tell an agent, Here's the outcome I want and here's the budget that I wanna spend.
Speaker 333:33 - 33:48
而且我们给了你很多可调的 knobs(控制项)。你可以定义 skills(技能),可以写 system prompts(系统提示词),还可以做很多不同的事情,比如 MCP servers 等等。我想我们最终希望达到的状态是:你真的只需要对一个 agent(智能体)说,这是我想要的结果,这是我愿意花的预算。
Speaker 333:48 - 34:07
Ready, set, go. And you may be like, Don't think about any of those things underneath. And so I think there's just a few different layers of this, right, that for certain things, you might wanna sit at a different layer of what you actually go and control, and you can probably get better outcomes within some of those layers by doing a little bit more optimization work.
Speaker 333:48 - 34:07
Ready, set, go。然后你可能会说,不要去考虑底下那些具体细节。所以我觉得这里其实有好几个不同的层,对吧?对于某些事情,你可能想处在一个不同的控制层级,决定自己到底要控制什么;而且在其中一些层级里,如果多做一点优化工作,你大概也能得到更好的结果。
Speaker 434:07 - 34:20
Very cool. One of the things I'm curious about and one that I love about infrastructure and platform teams is that you get to see what the most advanced users in the world are using and learn from them. I'm curious what are some things that you're seeing and learning from the people building on your platform?
Speaker 434:07 - 34:20
很酷。我很好奇的一点,也是我特别喜欢 infrastructure(基础设施)和 platform(平台)团队的一点,就是你们能看到世界上最先进的用户在用什么,并且从他们身上学习。我想知道,你们从那些基于你们平台构建东西的人那里,看到了和学到了哪些事?
Speaker 134:21 - 34:46
There's some people that have been doing some really funky ways of handling context. We ourselves explore this a lot. That's actually one of the reasons why Tag is such a great product is there's a lot of really awesome context kind of engineering that's happening. We've seen some teams be really clever about how they do that. And they are able to kind of think through, okay, if I have all these contexts in a bunch of different places, how can I proactively go reach out to them?
Speaker 134:21 - 34:46
有些人在处理 context(上下文)时用了非常另类的方法。我们自己也在很多探索这个问题。这其实也是 Tag 为什么会是一个很棒的产品的原因之一,因为里面发生了很多非常出色的、类似 context engineering(上下文工程)的工作。我们看到一些团队在这方面特别聪明。他们能够去思考:如果我的这些 context 分散在很多不同的地方,我该怎样主动去触达它们?
Speaker 134:47 - 35:18
How can I try to generate enough permissions across each of them and then feed that all into an agent? And it's interesting that I guess this is kind of the level of innovation that we're actually very excited by. It doesn't express itself as a completely different product form factor, but what it actually does express itself as is, like, maximally useful to users. And we've been seeing this more and more with, like, inter actually, like, internal use cases instead of, like, external ones. So, like, companies who are becoming more AI native, basically, they're the ones we're seeing increasingly more and more innovation out of.
Speaker 134:47 - 35:18
我怎样才能在它们各自之上尽量拿到足够的 permissions(权限),然后把这些都喂给一个 agent?有意思的是,我想这其实就是那种真正让我们非常兴奋的创新层级。它未必会表现成一种完全不同的产品 form factor(产品形态),但它真正表现出来的是:对用户极其有用。而且我们越来越多地看到,这种情况更多出现在 internal use cases(内部用例)里,而不是 external ones(外部用例)。所以,基本上,那些正在变得更 AI native(AI 原生)的公司,才是我们越来越频繁看到创新涌现的地方。
Speaker 135:18 - 35:47
And so we've had customers try to do this for their they've built their own custom SDLC kind of setup in very, very innovative ways. We've had ones who do that for, like, their entire back office. And just, like, the kind of nuances of how they, like, stream in context, I think has been, like, actually really interesting in terms of, like, how they've been putting together the pieces. So that's been, like, one category that's been, like, really, really, like, fascinating. Another category that's been really interesting has actually been with companies that are dealing with really old school software.
Speaker 135:18 - 35:47
所以我们有客户尝试把这套东西用于他们自己的场景——他们用非常、非常有创新性的方式,搭建了自己定制的 SDLC(软件开发生命周期)体系。也有客户把它用于他们整个 back office(后台运营/后勤支持)。而且,像他们把 context 流式注入进来的那些细微做法,我觉得其实非常有意思,尤其是在他们如何把这些模块拼装起来这件事上。所以这是一个让人觉得非常、非常吸引人的类别。另一个也很有意思的类别,则是那些在和非常 old school software(老派软件)打交道的公司。
Speaker 135:47 - 36:09
And so there's a lot of healthcare companies that we kind of engage with. And they're like, the systems I'm working with, they don't even have APIs. That's a dream. And so how can they use computer use and things like this to be able to start to kind of automate and create more connectivity with our systems? And that area of innovation, I think, has been really exciting.
Speaker 135:47 - 36:09
所以我们会接触很多 healthcare companies(医疗健康公司)。他们会说,我正在对接的那些系统,连 API 都没有;那都算是梦想了。于是问题就变成,他们怎样才能利用 computer use(计算机使用/计算机操作能力)之类的东西,开始去自动化,并且让我们的系统之间建立更多连接?我觉得,这一块的创新一直都特别令人兴奋。
Speaker 136:09 - 36:38
It's been really interesting to see people try all sorts of crazy stuff from like taking a laptop and trying to like run a bunch of things on it to auto generate a bunch of things that then their agents can go and use. And this has actually been probably like an area of, I think a lot of innovation coming from a lot of our customers that we want to find ways to support better and see like, okay, maybe there are How can we make this easier for you? How can we help you with some standardization? How can we get it so that you can just have a spec and then Claude can then respect it? So it's much easier for you to organically connect a lot of these things.
Speaker 136:09 - 36:38
看到人们尝试各种疯狂的东西真的很有意思,比如拿一台 laptop,试着在上面跑一堆东西,自动生成一堆内容,然后让他们的 agents 去使用这些内容。实际上,我觉得这可能一直是一个创新非常集中的领域,很多创新都来自我们的客户。我们也想找到更好的支持方式,看看比如说,好,怎样才能让这件事对你更容易?我们怎样帮你做一些标准化?我们怎样让你只需要有一个 spec(规范),然后 Claude 就能遵循它?这样你就能更轻松、更自然地把很多这些东西连接起来。
Speaker 136:38 - 36:49
But yeah, maybe the general theme I would just give you is interestingly, a lot of the innovation that's most exciting out there right now has been this kind of context and connectivity layer, which has been really fascinating.
Speaker 136:38 - 36:49
不过,是的,如果要给你一个总体主题的话,很有意思的是,现在外面最令人兴奋的很多创新,其实都集中在这种 context(上下文)和 connectivity(连接性)这一层,这一点非常吸引人。
Speaker 336:49 - 37:20
Yeah, a good one in that we were working with a customer who, they built some agents on Cloud Managed Agents. They also have some agents that they built on other models and other platforms, and they've kind of optimized each of these agents to be good at the things that they want. They want these agents to all be able to work well together. And they kind of were like, Wow, Galaxy Brain. What if I expose an MCP server on top of this agent so that it can then go and have this other agent call a tool on that agent and have these things just be more modular and be able to work together?
Speaker 336:49 - 37:20
是的,有个很好的例子是,我们当时在和一个客户合作,他们在 Cloud Managed Agents 上构建了一些 agents。他们也在其他 models 和其他 platforms 上构建了一些 agents,并且已经把这些 agents 分别优化到了适合各自要做的事情。他们希望这些 agents 都能够很好地协同工作。然后他们就有点像在想,哇,Galaxy Brain。如果我在这个 agent 上面暴露一个 MCP server,会怎样?这样另一个 agent 就可以去调用这个 agent 上的某个 tool,让这些东西变得更模块化,也更容易彼此协作。
Speaker 337:20 - 37:42
And we were like, Yeah, totally. And we sat down with them and worked through it, and it worked perfectly, and it was pretty cool. And so we're seeing a lot of, again, that connectivity layer that I think is one of the cooler areas where people are innovating. But outside of that, one thing that has been cool is just seeing the shift in, I guess, industry trends of where we're seeing a lot of our usage come from. We talked a lot about coding.
Speaker 337:20 - 37:42
然后我们就说,完全可以。于是我们和他们坐下来一起梳理实现方式,结果运行得非常完美,也确实很酷。所以我们又一次看到,我认为这层 connectivity(连接性)确实是人们正在创新的更酷的领域之一。但除此之外,还有一件很有意思的事,就是我们看到行业趋势在发生变化——也就是我们的很多 usage(使用量)究竟来自哪里。我们之前谈了很多 coding。
Speaker 337:42 - 38:12
Coding as a category, of course, absolutely exploded, and there's so much going on there. And we're starting to see some of these emerging trends. More recently, we're starting to see manufacturing really pick up as just a category where people are building with AI, and one of our PM's getting on a flight to Detroit to go figure out with these customers, what they need and what's going on. And so I think we're gonna start to see a lot more just kind of outside of the box of what people think about today sort of use cases, which we're really excited about.
Speaker 337:42 - 38:12
作为一个类别,coding 当然是彻底爆发了,那里有太多事情在发生。而且我们也开始看到一些新兴趋势。最近,我们开始看到 manufacturing 真正开始升温,成为人们用 AI 进行构建的一个类别。我们有一位 PM 正要飞去 Detroit,去和这些客户一起弄清楚他们需要什么、现在发生了什么。所以我觉得,接下来我们会看到更多那种跳出当下人们既有想象框架的 use cases(使用场景),而这正是我们非常兴奋的地方。
Speaker 238:13 - 38:27
It seems like we went through a token maxing moment of history, and now there's the token rationalization moment of history. What are your thoughts on that? And what should companies be doing? And then how does the platform team think about enabling that?
Speaker 238:13 - 38:27
感觉我们像是经历了一个 token maxing 的历史阶段,而现在进入了 token rationalization 的历史阶段。你怎么看这个变化?公司应该怎么做?以及平台团队又该如何考虑去支持这件事?
Speaker 138:28 - 38:38
Yeah. Mean, it makes sense. It makes sense from the high you start to rationalize. Really like that framing. And I think there's a couple things that are top of mind for us on this front.
Speaker 138:28 - 38:38
是的。我觉得这说得通。从高点之后开始回归理性,这很合理。我很喜欢这个 framing(框架方式)。而且我觉得在这个问题上,有几件事确实是我们当前最关注的。
Speaker 138:38 - 39:06
I think, again, it makes sense. And as these models get more and more capable, you're gonna hit levels of intelligence maxing that are there that then you wanna do the next kind of dimension. And the next dimension after intelligence will either be cost or it will be speed. And you just kind of go through that across all possible task complexities in the distribution. And as we kind of see that happen, something that's really top of mind for us that we kind of try to spend some time with users on is what you don't wanna do is stop AI usage.
Speaker 138:38 - 39:06
我觉得,还是那句话,这很合理。随着这些 models 变得越来越强大,你会触及某种 intelligence maxing 的水平;到了那个点,你就会想追求下一个维度。而 intelligence 之后的下一个维度,要么是 cost(成本),要么是 speed(速度)。然后你基本上会在各种可能的 task complexities(任务复杂度)分布上,反复经历这个过程。随着这种情况发生,对我们来说一个非常重要、我们也会花时间和用户沟通的点是:你不应该做的事情,是停止使用 AI。
Speaker 139:06 - 39:19
That's kind of the wrong move. And we do actually see some of our customers do that. So oftentimes the way that AI spend has erupted inside their company has been through some kind of like shadow IT. You know, like their employees just like wanna use it. They find a way.
Speaker 139:06 - 39:19
那样做某种程度上其实是走错了方向。我们的确也看到一些客户会这么做。所以很多时候,他们公司里的 AI 支出爆发,往往是通过某种类似 shadow IT(影子 IT)的方式出现的。你知道,就是员工自己想用,于是他们会自己想办法。
Speaker 139:19 - 39:33
They end up procuring it themselves. And before you know it, like half your org has like found some way to have installed Cloud Code. And in that world, it is kind of hard to to manage because these things are, again, like, they're very token hungry, ultimately. And so what we try to kind of encourage our customers is, hey. You don't wanna, like, stop the innovation.
Speaker 139:19 - 39:33
结果就是他们会自己去采购。等你回过神来,组织里可能已经有一半的人都想办法装上了 Cloud Code。而在那种情况下,其实就很难管理了,因为这些东西说到底都非常 token hungry(token 消耗很大)。所以我们通常会鼓励客户的是:你其实不想去阻止创新。
Speaker 139:33 - 40:08
Like, if you are getting returns on top of this, are shipping faster than ever before, you can, like, run more operationally, like, efficient, then those are gains. And so the area that we actually try to encourage people is if there is a way for you to construct, again, a strategy that allows you to design an architecture that says, given a task, assess its level of complexity. I mean, I'm effectively describing a router, but there are ways to do this that are, I think, a bit better now. And so this task comes in, has a certain level of complexity. For that level of complexity, you can define some rules, but for the most part, if it's a hard task, you should probably route that to a big super smart model.
Speaker 139:33 - 40:08
如果你确实能从这上面获得回报,发布速度比以前更快,运营效率也更高,那这些就都是实打实的收益。所以我们真正会鼓励大家去做的,是看看能不能构建一种策略,让你设计出这样一种架构:给定一个任务,先评估它的复杂度。我的意思其实基本上是在描述一个 router(路由器),不过我觉得现在有一些方式会更好一些。于是一个任务进来后,它有自己对应的复杂度等级。针对这个复杂度等级,你可以定义一些规则,但大多数情况下,如果这是个困难任务,你大概就该把它路由到一个大型、超级聪明的 model(模型)。
Speaker 140:08 - 40:20
And if it's not a hard task, can route that to cheaper models. Designing that I think has a little bit of there's a lot of technical complexity in that, but it's very, very doable. And we actually encourage people to try those kinds of things. Think ultimately You think
Speaker 140:08 - 40:20
如果不是难任务,就可以把它路由到更便宜的 model。要设计出这个,我觉得确实有一点——准确说是有不少——技术复杂度,但这完全是可行的。我们也确实会鼓励大家去尝试这类事情。归根结底你会想
Speaker 240:20 - 40:20
you'll offer rather?
Speaker 240:20 - 40:20
你们会提供这个,对吧?
Speaker 140:21 - 40:45
I I think within the quad space, it will, like, make sense. It's actually one of the strategies we imagine, like, designing because the way that we're kinda thinking a lot of these things is, it almost feels like every month there was a new era of something. And if we just take a step back, like, okay. And it this seems to be, like, really fast. And so what are the different ways that are recomposable so we can redesign very quickly for any new whatever the cool thing is that month kind of, like, bit?
Speaker 140:21 - 40:45
我觉得在 quad space 这个范围里,这样做会是有意义的。这其实也是我们设想中的一种设计策略,因为我们看待很多这类事情的方式是:几乎感觉每个月都会进入某种“新时代”。如果我们稍微退一步看,会觉得,好的,这一切发展得实在太快了。那么,有哪些方式是可重组的,这样无论当月流行的新东西是什么,我们都能非常快速地重新设计来适配它?
Speaker 140:45 - 41:10
And so this is, like, in that category of things where we feel like we can actually just, like, recompose a lot of our primitives and then design it. I think the bit that we do feel really strongly about on the model routing front is, like, we are designing our platform for Claude, and we wanna make sure that Claude is great at, like, solving all these things. So we'll, like, restrict to that space rather than I don't think we're that interested in saying, Okay, and then you should route to a different model or whatever.
Speaker 140:45 - 41:10
所以,这就属于那一类我们觉得其实可以通过重新组合很多 primitives(基础构件)来完成设计的事情。至于 model routing(模型路由)这件事上,我们立场非常明确的一点是:我们是在为 Claude 设计我们的平台,我们希望确保 Claude 在解决所有这些问题时都足够出色。所以我们会把范围限制在这个空间里,而不是说我们很有兴趣去告诉你:好,接下来你还应该把它路由到别的 model 之类的。
Speaker 241:10 - 41:11
Makes sense.
Speaker 241:10 - 41:11
明白了。
Speaker 341:11 - 41:31
Yeah. And well, some of that too is just like, I think we have a strong belief that harnesses and just the agentic layer should be tuned to the model family that you use it with. And so I think there was a period where people were kind of like, Yeah, cool. I can build a harness and build an agent and then just plug in a different model underneath. And they were excited about routers from that perspective.
Speaker 341:11 - 41:31
对。而且其中一部分原因也只是因为,我们很相信 harness(运行/编排框架)以及 agentic layer(agent 层)应该针对你所配合使用的那一类 model family(模型家族)来做调优。所以我觉得之前有一段时间,人们会有点觉得:对,很棒,我可以构建一个 harness、构建一个 agent,然后只要在底层插入一个不同的 model 就行了。他们也正是从这个角度,对 router(路由器)这类东西感到兴奋。
Speaker 341:31 - 42:19
And I think we started to see Vercel just did this with Harness Agent, for example. Some of these players in the space come up a layer of abstraction and say, Actually, plug in the whole harness and the whole agent that's tied to a model family, which makes a lot of sense. And so what we could provide is a little bit better, smarter, how do you mix and match the right models within the model family underneath that thing, if that makes sense. But yeah, on the general question of token maxing costs and these sorts of things, I think we're just kind of going through what feels like a normal, natural cycle for companies and figuring out how to make the best use of this technology and run their businesses really well and really effectively. It's interesting, before working at Anthropic, was at Stripe, and we were kind of in the very reasonable era of we paid a lot of attention to our AWS bill.
Speaker 341:31 - 42:19
我觉得我们已经开始看到这种趋势了,比如 Vercel 刚刚就在 Harness Agent 上这么做了。这个领域里有些参与者会上升一个 abstraction(抽象)层,说,实际上,你直接接入整个 harness,以及那个绑定到某个 model family(模型家族)的整个 agent,这样其实很合理。所以我们能提供的,可能是再更好一点、更聪明一点的能力:在它底层的 model family 里,如何混搭出合适的模型,如果这样说你能理解的话。不过,回到 token 成本打满之类这类更宏观的问题上,我觉得我们只是正在经历一个对公司来说很正常、很自然的周期:弄清楚怎样最好地使用这项技术,并把业务运营得非常好、非常高效。这很有意思,在去 Anthropic 之前,我在 Stripe 工作,而当时我们正处在一个非常理性的时代——我们会非常关注自己的 AWS 账单。
Speaker 342:19 - 43:27
And so if someone were to have built some background job and they didn't quite configure it correctly and this thing's burning through CPU or whatever it is at any given moment and causing a big increase in spend that's not actually worth it. We have put in place the guardrails to find that and then go ask that engineer very nicely to please turn off their background job that's not within the bounds of what they should be spending for the thing they're trying to accomplish. I think those are the things with AI that people are gonna start to go and figure out, and I think to Angela's point, the thing that gets dangerous is when you're kinda just like, Here's a cap, and you're stuck within your cap, ready, set, go. But I do think that encouraging innovation, encouraging people to create really excellent outcomes with this stuff, and then coming in from the side and looking and saying like, okay, well, there are a few different ways that we probably could've accomplished that outcome, right? And one is you take Opus and you run it all night and you do something crazy, and another is maybe to get a little bit smarter with the strategies that you put together in order to create that same outcome within a lower cost.
Speaker 342:19 - 43:27
所以,如果有人做了一个后台任务,但配置得不太对,这个东西在某个时刻疯狂消耗 CPU 或别的资源,导致开销大幅增加,但实际上根本不值得。我们会设置 guardrails(防护机制)去发现这种情况,然后很礼貌地去找那位工程师,请他把这个后台任务关掉,因为它的花费已经超出了他为实现那个目标本应消耗的范围。我觉得,AI 这边大家接下来也会开始摸索这些事情。也像 Angela 说的,真正危险的是你只是简单地说:“这里有个 cap(上限),你就只能待在这个上限里,预备,开始。” 但我确实认为,应该鼓励创新,鼓励人们用这些东西做出非常优秀的结果,然后再从侧面介入,去看一看:好吧,达到这个结果其实可能有几种不同方式,对吧?一种是你用 Opus 让它跑一整晚,做点很夸张的事;另一种可能是,你把策略设计得更聪明一些,以更低的成本实现同样的结果。
Speaker 343:27 - 43:31
And I think that's the next layer of thinking that everyone's gonna start to do.
Speaker 343:27 - 43:31
我觉得,这就是接下来所有人都会开始进入的下一层思考。
Speaker 443:31 - 43:37
Very cool. Is there anything that you guys are excited about building over the next few months that you can share a hint at what might come next?
Speaker 443:31 - 43:37
很酷。接下来几个月里,你们有没有什么特别期待去构建的东西,可以稍微透露一点,看看下一步可能会是什么?
Speaker 143:37 - 44:05
Yeah. I mean, I know we said this word like 20,000,000 times, so I apologize. But we really are trying to build ways for you to compose strategies. And so that is an area that we're trying to move into that kind of like, yeah, coordination layer of the abstraction. And we wanna start at at this front because the types of problems that we see people building, they are at a layer where it's like, in order to get the most return on this, you have to be a little clever about, like, what is the nature of the problem that you're solving.
Speaker 143:37 - 44:05
有的。我知道这个词我们可能已经说了两千万次了,所以先道个歉。但我们确实是在努力构建一些方式,让你能够去组合 strategies(策略)。所以,这是我们正在推进的一个方向,有点像是那个 abstraction(抽象)的 coordination layer(协调层)。我们想先从这一端切入,因为我们看到人们在构建的问题类型,已经到了这样一个层级:如果你想从这件事里获得最大回报,你就必须在“你正在解决的问题本质是什么”这件事上更聪明一点。
Speaker 144:05 - 44:36
So to give you something, like, concrete, like, when you try to solve for, like let's say you wanna build an agent that's, like, trying to do bug hunting. And you could just send one off to go and do that, and it's gonna give you a certain of return a level of return of possibility. And then people kinda get stuck at that, and they're like, okay. My next options are I can, like, make a bigger I can just, like, swap the model for a different I'd probably bigger model, or I could, like, let it run, like, longer. And that's what pretty much, like, the only two, like, levers that you have to, like, try to make this, like, bug hunting agent.
Speaker 144:05 - 44:36
举个更具体的例子,比如你想构建一个做 bug hunting(漏洞 / 缺陷查找)的 agent。你当然可以直接放一个出去做这件事,它会给你带来某种程度的回报、某个可能性的水平。然后人们往往就卡在这里了,会想:好吧,我接下来能做的,要么是换一个更大的——也就是换成另一个可能更大的 model;要么就是让它跑得更久一点。基本上,这差不多就是你手上仅有的两个 lever(杠杆),用来试图把这个 bug hunting agent 做得更好。
Speaker 144:36 - 45:20
For a lot of experimentation, when we do these kinds of things, there's, like, actually, the thing like, those two those two things are still true, but you actually have, like, a third lever and tends to actually do a lot more than you think it does, which is that actually if you were to, like, best of end the thing, it would, like, give you a lot more returns. But, like, just to be just saying those words are fine, and there's plenty of papers and people have published it, to actually build that thing and put it into production so you can actually test it on users and see the results for yourself, that's, like, really, really freaking hard. And you end up building all these, like, custom harnesses, so on and so forth, like, you know, all that stuff. But we're seeing, like, this is where the alpha is, and it's hard. And so, like, in the same very simple philosophy that we talked about at the beginning, like, if it's, like, gives you the return that you want and it's hard, we're gonna go try to just make it easy for you so then you can use it to then run the experiments you actually need to run.
Speaker 144:36 - 45:20
但在我们做很多这类实验时,实际情况是——没错,这两件事依然成立,但你其实还有第三个 lever,而且它往往比你想象中更有用:如果你去做 best-of-N 之类的方案,它实际上会带来高得多的回报。当然,只是把这些话说出来很容易,也已经有很多 paper(论文)和很多人发表过相关内容;但要真正把这个东西造出来,并投入 production(生产环境),这样你才能真的在用户身上测试、亲眼看到结果,那真的、真的非常他妈难。最后你往往会被迫构建各种 custom harnesses(定制 harness)之类的东西,等等等等,你懂的,所有那些复杂玩意儿。但我们看到,这里面才有 alpha(超额收益),只是它很难。所以,延续我们一开始讲的那个非常简单的理念:如果某件事既能给你想要的回报,又很难做,那我们就会努力把它变得简单,让你能真正用起来,去跑那些你本来就需要跑的实验。
Speaker 445:20 - 45:25
It reminds me of when people were talking about agent swarms a year ago. It's some version of that.
Speaker 445:20 - 45:25
这让我想起一年前大家在讨论 agent swarms(agent 集群)的时候。某种意义上,这就是那个思路的一种版本。
Speaker 345:25 - 45:26
Yeah. It's been a whole year.
Speaker 345:25 - 45:26
是啊。已经整整一年了。
Speaker 445:26 - 45:28
Yeah. I know. We're finally there.
Speaker 445:26 - 45:28
是啊。我知道。我们终于走到这一步了。
Speaker 145:28 - 45:37
Yes. Yeah. No, I think that that's a type of strategy. Exactly. In the same way that you have one big one that separates a bunch is another type of strategy.
Speaker 145:28 - 45:37
对。是的。不,我觉得那就是一种 strategy(策略)类型。没错。就像你可以有一个大的、把一堆东西区分开的 strategy,那也是另一种 strategy。
Speaker 145:37 - 46:03
And I think people have thought about this maybe in the way of like human organization. I guess it could be similar, but if take it to kind of its end state, it's actually more just like the token has a job. And I think it's this job piece that we're really indexed on and we see a lot of returns too. And that's the thing that we wanna spend time with users and the rest of the ecosystem on, on like, how can we just make that easier for folks to then experiment? Like, we can give you like five jobs off the top of our head, and we'll probably like, that's what we have internally.
Speaker 145:37 - 46:03
我觉得,人们可能一直是从类似 human organization(人类组织)的角度来思考这件事。我猜它可能有相似之处,但如果把它推到某种最终形态,其实更像是 token 有一份工作。而我认为,正是这个“工作”部分,是我们真正高度关注的方向,而且我们也看到它带来了很多回报。这也是我们想和用户以及生态系统其他参与者一起投入时间去研究的事:我们怎么才能让大家更容易去做实验?比如,我们随口就能给你列出五种 job(任务/工作),而这大概也是我们内部现在在用的。
Speaker 146:04 - 46:10
And if we give this out to the rest of the ecosystem, it's probably gonna be like 100,000, 200,000. Who knows what other combinations that people could put together?
Speaker 146:04 - 46:10
如果我们把这个开放给整个生态系统,那规模可能就会变成 100,000、200,000。谁知道大家还能组合出什么别的可能性?
Speaker 346:10 - 47:11
Yeah. We wanna be able to keep doing this hill climbing on how do you get the most value, the most intelligence per dollar and just put that power in people's hands. But around the edges of that, we have these personas that have kind of just things they have to work through in order to be able to really deploy AI either within their companies or within their products, and that's the sort of enterprise ready security and compliance controls and things like this, but really even just making the platform more modular in the right ways, being able to plug in different pieces of the solutions that we're building, like I wanna use memory for this thing over here, right, or whatever else it is, and having a truly excellent developer experience around that because we spend a lot of time with enterprises who are like, okay, I have this walled garden. I need to figure out exactly how I can plug these solutions in, and so we've got a part of our team that's innovating on things like strategies and jobs and trying to help you maximize intelligence, and they're like, That's really cool, but I can't actually use any of that for X, Y, Z reasons.
Speaker 346:10 - 47:11
对。我们希望能持续做这种 hill climbing(爬坡式优化):每一美元怎么获得最多价值、最多 intelligence(智能),然后把这种能力交到人们手中。但在这件事的边缘,还有一些不同的 personas(用户角色),他们必须先解决一些问题,才能真正把 AI 部署到自己的公司内部或产品里;这类问题包括面向 enterprise(企业)可用的 security(安全)和 compliance(合规)控制之类的东西。不过,说到底,也包括以正确的方式让平台变得更 modular(模块化)——能够把我们正在构建的解决方案中的不同部分插接进来,比如“我想把 memory(记忆)用在这边这个东西上”,或者别的什么;并且围绕这些提供真正出色的 developer experience(开发者体验)。因为我们花了很多时间和 enterprise 客户交流,他们会说:好,我这里有一个 walled garden(封闭环境),我需要搞清楚到底该怎么把这些解决方案接进来。所以我们团队里有一部分人在创新 strategies(策略)和 jobs(任务)这类东西,努力帮你把 intelligence 最大化;而对方会说,这确实很酷,但出于 X、Y、Z 这些原因,我实际上根本没法用。
Speaker 347:11 - 48:01
So I think solving those problems is really, really important to us, but then the other persona is the weekend developer who's like, I wanna go and build something useful for myself, right? And they're often doing that on top of our platform and on top of many other just pieces of developer platforms in the community. And I think for some of those folks, there's more that we can do to provide solutions that are maybe more open or more hackable or whatever it might be for those folks to kinda just go wild with what we can offer them and have this really excellent developer experience. And so I think there's a lot of stuff that maybe I would put in the category of table stakes that I'm really excited about because I think those are the things that then unlock getting people to say, okay, yes, this thing works for me, and now I can plug in on some of the stuff that you guys are doing that's really innovative and hill climb y to get more intelligence and save costs and things like that.
Speaker 347:11 - 48:01
所以我觉得,解决这些问题对我们来说非常非常重要。但另一类 persona(用户角色)是那种 weekend developer(周末开发者):他们会想,“我想去做点对自己有用的东西”,对吧?而且他们通常是在我们的平台之上,以及社区里很多其他开发者平台组件之上来做这件事。我觉得,对其中一些人来说,我们还能做更多,去提供一些也许更 open(开放)、更 hackable(可改造/可折腾)之类的方案,让他们能基于我们提供的能力尽情发挥,并获得真正优秀的 developer experience(开发者体验)。所以我觉得,有很多东西我可能会把它归类为 table stakes(基础门槛/基本配置),而我对此其实很兴奋,因为我认为正是这些东西,才能让人们最终说:“好,这个东西对我来说可用了”,然后我就能接入你们正在做的那些真正有创新性的事情——那些通过 hill climb y 式优化来获得更多 intelligence、节省成本之类的能力。
Speaker 248:01 - 48:21
Wonderful. Awesome. Caitlin and Angela, I feel I mean, you are building one of the most important developer platforms in the world. And talking to the two of you over time, I just feel really optimistic that that platform is in very thoughtful hands that that care about the ecosystem. So thank you for taking the time today to share what you're up to, and we look forward to what's ahead.
Speaker 248:01 - 48:21
太好了。真棒。Caitlin 和 Angela,我的感受是——你们正在打造世界上最重要的 developer platforms(开发者平台)之一。并且,随着时间推移和你们二位交流下来,我真的感到非常乐观:这个平台掌握在非常有想法、也真正关心生态系统的人手里。所以,感谢你们今天抽时间分享你们正在做的事,我们也很期待接下来会发生什么。
Speaker 348:21 - 48:21
Thanks for
Speaker 348:21 - 48:21
感谢
Speaker 148:21 - 48:22
having us.
Speaker 148:21 - 48:22
邀请我们。
Speaker 448:22 - 48:23
Thank you, guys.
Speaker 448:22 - 48:23
谢谢你们,各位。
原文 ↗https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vPnVTHYplrQ
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